Detection of Multi-drug Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis among Suspected Patients in Northeastern Nigeria
B. A. Haruna *
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
F. Tahir
Department of Biological Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
A. F. Umar
Department of Biological Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Mohammad M. Ibrahim
Department of Microbiology, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
H. J. Balla
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
Askira M. Umoru
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria.
Isyaka M. Tom
Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Borno State, Nigeria.
Abdullahi Aliyu
Department of Biological Sciences, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Abdurrahman Abubakar
Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Kashere, Gombe State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: We determine the prevalence of TB and MDRTB within the study population.
Methodology: The sampling consists of 192 (54.4%) males and 161 (45.6%) females. Ziehel Neelsen staining method was used for the detection of Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) in the sputum samples collected. Rifampicin resistant (MDRTB) isolates were detected by GeneXpert and the conventional PCR technique.
Results: In this study, 6 (9.5%) out of the 63 positive samples were rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in which 4(6.3%) were found among females and 2 (3.2%) were found among males. Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis was not dependent on gender statistically in this study P>0.05. Secondary institution among the health care centers had highest cases of tuberculosis18 (33.3%) while tertiary institute had higher rifampicin resistant tuberculosis 5(2.5%). Statistically there was significant relationship between occurrence of tuberculosis and health care centers p<0.05.
Conclusion: There is need to establish more reference laboratories within the country in order to address the rising cases of tuberculosis. There is also need for urgent attention of the government and other developmental partners to address the rising cases of MTB and MDRTB which is outside the expected ratio of 3:1 (male : female) stipulated by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and to conduct a national tuberculosis drug resistance survey so as to determine the actual burden of MDRTB in Nigeria.
Keywords: Multi drug-resistant tuberculosis, acid fast bacilli, rifampicin.