Molecular Signature of Human Papillomavirus in Upper Aerodigestive Tract Cancers in Congo-Brazzaville
Anicet Luc Magloire Boumba *
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, BP: 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Hôpital Général de Loandjili, BP: 812, Pointe-Noire, Congo and Zone de Recherche de Pointe-Noire, Institut de recherché en Sciences de la Santé, IRSSA, Brazzaville, Congo.
Sylvain Diembi
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, BP: 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Hôpital Général Adolphe SICE, Pointe-Noire Congo.
Boris. Otouana
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, BP: 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Hôpital de Référence de Talangai, Brazzaville, Congo.
G. C. Gouoni
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, BP: 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Brazzaville BP: 32, Brazzaville, Congo.
A. B. Ecokounda Okoko
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, BP: 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Brazzaville BP: 32, Brazzaville, Congo.
F. Itiere Odzili
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, BP: 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Brazzaville BP: 32, Brazzaville, Congo.
Jean Felix Peko
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, BP: 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Brazzaville BP: 32, Brazzaville, Congo.
Gottran Ondzotto
Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université Marien NGOUABI, BP: 69, Brazzaville, Congo and Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire de Brazzaville BP: 32, Brazzaville, Congo.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Introduction: Carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract have a tropism on the epidermoid mucosa. HPV infection remains one of the risk factors for this cancer. This work aimed to study the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in carcinomas of the VADS.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study with retrospective data collection over 7 years. The molecular analysis was conducted in Pointe-Noire using Xpert® HPV technology (GeneXpert, Cepheid). The variables studied were anatomopathological and virological.
Results: The overall molecular prevalence of oncogenic HPV was 28.1%. HPV-16 and HPV-18/45 were the incriminating genotypes in 88.9% and 11.4% of cases, respectively. A statistically significant association was found between co-infection with HPV-oncogenes in subjects over 40 years of age (P=0.01) and the development of these HPVs in squamous cell carcinomas (p=0.02). Notably, oncogenic HPV was found in the majority of laryngeal carcinomas.
Conclusion: In countries with limited resources, the Xpert HPV technology from GéneXpert is a reliable and rapid solution for the virological diagnosis of oncogenic HPV associated with carcinomas of the VADS. HPV-16 remains the most prevalent genotype.
Keywords: Carcinoma, VADS, Xpert HPV, Géne Xpert, Congo